The 1944-D Lincoln Steel Cent is a rare and fascinating coin that draws attention from both new and seasoned collectors. Unlike most Lincoln Cents from 1944, which were made from copper, this particular coin was struck on a zinc-plated steel planchet—a leftover from the previous year. This article will explore the history, market data, notable examples, and design features of the 1944-D Lincoln Steel Cent, helping you understand why it’s such a significant piece in coin collecting.
History and Discovery
The 1944-D Lincoln Steel Cent is famous for being an error coin. During World War II, the U.S. Mint used steel planchets for coins in 1943 due to a shortage of copper. However, some steel planchets were mistakenly used again in 1944, leading to a small number of steel cents being struck. These errors were first discovered in 1945 by collector Richard Fenton, and about 25 to 30 such coins were eventually found. Despite being rare, their value was not initially high, but they are now recognized as important errors in coin collecting.
Market Data and Noteworthy Specimens
Top Examples and Auction Results
- PCGS MS63 #26578316
- Auction Results: Heritage Auctions, January 10, 2013 – $82,250; August 9, 2013 – $79,312.50
- Features: Die crack at Lincoln’s hairline, planchet void below “T” of CENT
- PCGS MS62 CAC #18523807
- Auction Results: Heritage Auctions, August 9, 2007 – $115,000; January 7, 2016 – $54,050
- Features: Spot on the reverse below “F” and “A”
- NGC MS62 #1578007-001
- Auction Results: Heritage Auctions, January 10, 2008 – $92,000
- Features: Diagonal scratch across the obverse
- NGC AU55 #1582235-001
- Auction Results: Heritage Auctions, June 3, 2010 – $60,375
- Features: Scattered spots and small planchet void
- ANACS AU55 #XA7378
- Auction Results: Heritage Auctions, May 31, 2007 – $69,000
- Features: Dark planchet with sand-colored areas
- PCGS AU53 #90056882
- Auction Results: Heritage Auctions, January 7, 2010 – $32,200
- Features: Scattered dark spots on the reverse
Design Details
The 1944-D Lincoln Steel Cent features:
- Obverse: Abraham Lincoln’s portrait with “IN GOD WE TRUST” above, “LIBERTY” to the left, and the year “1944” to the right.
- Reverse: “ONE CENT” at the top center, “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” below, “E PLURIBUS UNUM” above, and stylized wheat ears on either side.
- Edge: Plain
The coin was designed by Victor David Brenner.
Coin Specifications
- Country: United States of America
- Year of Issue: 1944
- Denomination: One Cent (USD)
- Mintmark: D (Denver)
- Mintage: 7-10 known examples
- Alloy: Zinc-coated Steel
- Weight: 2.7 g
- Diameter: 19.0 mm
- Edge: Plain
- OBV Designer: Victor David Brenner
- REV Designer: Victor David Brenner
- Quality: Business Strike
The 1944-D Lincoln Steel Cent is more than just a coin; it’s a piece of history with a fascinating story. Its rarity and error status make it highly sought after by collectors. With only a few known examples, the value of this coin has increased significantly, making it a standout piece in numismatic collections. Understanding its history and unique features adds depth to any collector’s knowledge and appreciation of this remarkable coin.
1. What makes the 1944-D Lincoln Steel Cent special?
The 1944-D Lincoln Steel Cent is special because it was struck on zinc-plated steel planchets, a leftover from 1943, which was a mistake. This rarity makes it highly collectible.
2. How many 1944-D Lincoln Steel Cents are known to exist?
Only 7 to 10 examples of the 1944-D Lincoln Steel Cent are known to exist, making it extremely rare.
3. Why was the 1944-D Lincoln Steel Cent struck on steel planchets?
It was a mistake from the previous year; steel planchets from 1943 were accidentally used again in 1944.
4. What is the value of a 1944-D Lincoln Steel Cent?
Values vary based on condition. Low-grade examples can be worth several hundred dollars, while high-grade coins can fetch over $2,000 at auction.
5. Where can I buy a 1944-D Lincoln Steel Cent?
You can find these coins through numismatic dealers, online auctions, or specialized coin shops.